However, most of the polymer matrix is inherently insulating, which severely limits the applications in electronic products, new energy vehicles, medical equipments, flexible circuit boards and other fields with high EMI shielding requirements. Polymer matrix composites have been widely used in the field of EMI shielding due to their low density, corrosion resistance, competitive prices and good processability.

In this context, devoting to the development of various high-performance EMI shielding materials has become a research hotspot. Therefore, there is an urgent need for high-efficiency EMI shielding materials to attenuate electromagnetic waves to protect the normal operation of electronic equipment and human health. However, the electronic devices can generate undesirable electromagnetic interference (EMI) to the outside world during operation, which not only affects the normal operation of nearby electronic devices, but also increases the risk of related workers suffering from headaches, depression, immune deficiency, and other diseases. With the rapid development of 5G technology, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, big data and their wide applications in unmanned systems, high-speed communications, industrial internet, future energy, aerospace and other fields, the development level of information technology has become a reflection of the comprehensive national power. Finally, the corresponding key scientific and technical problems are proposed, and their development trend is also prospected. Then the current development status of EMI shielding materials is summarized, and the research progress of polymer matrix EMI shielding composites with different structures is illustrated, especially for their preparation methods and evaluation. This review firstly discusses the key concept, loss mechanism and test method of EMI shielding. However, the current polymer matrix composites present relatively low electrical conductivity and poor EMI shielding performance. Polymer matrix EMI shielding composites possess light weight, corrosion resistance and easy processing.

Metal matrix electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have disadvantages such as high density, easy corrosion, difficult processing and high price, etc. With the widespread application of electronic communication technology, the resulting electromagnetic radiation pollution has been significantly increased.

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